The former player: 'I really wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Warning: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive comments and conduct
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that going public to reveal racial discrimination in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an early conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, showing Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to end my career because of what went on," he explained to reporters.
"I really wanted to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and understand that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "likely correct", but said it could not gather enough proof to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told journalists he also faced discrimination within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell explains he was finally spurred to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"The organization has given significant attention on diversity and diversity in the sport and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"We are continuing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to work for a culture of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has face-to-face training on creating inclusive environments, with its effectiveness tracked via individual reports and surveys.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our view, you have achieved so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to reach children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the pitch with complimentary sports training, guidance and nutrition education.
"My motivations are genuine, I want to see the progress of the sport and if others is willing to tell their story then I'll continue to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I speak about it perhaps the more confident others will feel about sharing their personal experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the horns and keep carrying this flag and keep supporting this responsibility and do what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that the sport has the potential to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022